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iii
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
GUIDE TO THIS MANUAL
1.
1 MANUAL CONTENTS................................................................................................... 1-1
1.
2 NOTATIONAL CONVENTIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ................................................ 1-3
1.
3 RELATED DOCUMENTS .............................................................................................. 1-5
1.
4 ELECTRONIC SUPPORT SYSTEMS........................................................................... 1-8
1.4.
4 World Wide Web .....................................................................................................1-11
1.
5 TECHNICAL SUPPORT .............................................................................................. 1-11
1.
6 PRODUCT LITERATURE............................................................................................ 1-11
CHAPTER 2
ARCHITECTURAL
OVERVIEW
2.
1 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS............................................................................................. 2-1
2.
2 DEVICE FEATURES ..................................................................................................... 2-2
2.
3 BLOCK DIAGRAM......................................................................................................... 2-2
2.3.
1 CPU Control ..............................................................................................................2-3
2.3.
2 Register File ..............................................................................................................2-3
2.3.
3 Register Arithmetic-logic Unit (RALU) .......................................................................2-4
2.3.3.1 Code Execution ....................................................................................................2-4
2.3.3.
2 Instruction Format ................................................................................................2-5
2.3.
4 Memory Controller ....................................................................................................2-5
2.3.
5 Multiply-accumulate (80C196NU Only) .....................................................................2-6
2.3.
6 Interrupt Service ........................................................................................................2-6
2.
4 INTERNAL TIMING........................................................................................................ 2-7
2.
5 INTERNAL PERIPHERALS......................................................................................... 2-11
2.5.
1 I/O Ports ..................................................................................................................2-11
2.5.
2 Serial I/O (SIO) Port ................................................................................................2-11
2.5.
3 Event Processor Array (EPA) and Timer/Counters .................................................2-11
2.5.
4 Pulse-width Modulator (PWM) ................................................................................2-12
2.
6 SPECIAL OPERATING MODES ................................................................................. 2-12
2.6.
1 Reducing Power Consumption ...............................................................................2-12
2.6.
2 Testing the Printed Circuit Board ............................................................................2-13
2.
7 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR 80C196NP TO 80C196NU CONVERSIONS ...... 2-13