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- Eng 22 -
ABOUT “BLOOD PRESSURE”
What is blood pressure ...
The heart is a pump that circulates blood to different part of the body. Blood is pumped from the heart
at a constant pressure into arteries. This pressure is called the arterial blood pressure, which repre-
sents, in general, blood pressure. Blood pressure is indicated by several kinds of pressures such as:
systolic pressure (maximal blood pressure) that occurs when the heart pumps blood (see the illustra-
tion given below left); and diastolic pressure (minimal blood pressure) that occurs just when blood
returns to the heart (see the illustration give below right).
Blood pressure changes at all times..
Blood pressure differs with age, gender and other factors. Blood pressure of one person is likely to be
affected by biorhythm of a day, posture, physical activities, mental activities, stress and atmospheric
temperatures. It is said that blood pressure of a healthy person varies by 20 to 30 mmHg within a day.
The chart given below shows the blood pressure variation in a day. This charge indicates that blood
pressure differs in daily life.
● Example of blood pressure variation ina day
(Maximum blood pressure) (Minimum blood pressure)
Left atrium
Artery
Contracts
Relaxes
Normal state is
restored to the
artery wall.
The artery wall
expands.
Artery
Left
ventricle
Left
ventricle
Left atrium
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
12 13
14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23
24
1
23
4
5
6
7
8
91011
Blood pressure value (mmHg)
Time of day
Max. blood pressure
Min. blood pressure