Filter
Top Products
2.2.2.2 Media Gateway (MGW)
The Media Gateway (MGW) provides interworking between PSTN and IP
media streams, i.e. conversion between circuit-switched TDM (Time
Division Multiplexing) bearer circuits and packet-switched media streams
(RTP).
2.2.3 Session Border Controller (SBC)
The SBC can also be called outbound proxy, which normally is a SIP aware
proxy/stateful firewall. If an SBC is used in the network, the User Agent has
to be configured to use the SBC for all SIP sessions. Usually the SBC is
placed together with the firewall so the only way in to the SIP server is
through the SBC. An SBC can also overcome problems with NAT in the
network.
2.3 Fax Call Setup
The picture below shows the SIP signaling during a fax call.
When sending a fax from a fax-machine connected to the W25, the off-
hook status as well as the called number (B-subscriber)is detected by the
W25. This is included in a INVITE-message which is sent to the SIP server.
The SIP server forwards the INVITE to the appropriate fax gateway, which
then calls subscriber B on the PSTN. When the B subscriber answers, a
voice call is setup using the voice codec G.711. At the same time as the B
Fax answers, it starts sending out CED (called station identification) tones,
which is detected by the Fax gateway. Now the Fax gateway sends a re-
invite to use T.38 protocol instead of voice codec G.711. The normal fax
training, e.g. negotiating fax transfer speed, is done using the T.38 protocol.
After the training, the pages are transferred and then the faxes go on-hook,
which then results in a SIP BYE message.
W25
IP
IP
Dialing
Invite
Invite
Ring signal
200 OK
200 OK
Detects off-hook
ACK
Audio (G.711)
Fax tones
detected
Re-Invite (T.38)
Re-Invite (T.38)
200 OK
200 OK
ACK
T.38
Detects
on-hook
Bye
Bye
200 OK
200 OK
Fax answer
Fax call
completed
SIP ServerSIP Server
Fax GWFax GW
6 2/221 02-FGB 101 327 Uen B – November 2007