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Standards for assessment of high or low blood pressure, without regard to age,
have been established by the World Health Organization (WHO), as shown in this
chart.
(Fig. 1)
P
mmHg
z
c!?
95
a
140
Hypertense
pressure
type
Reference Material: investigation into Adult Diseases Report by the Ministry of Health
and Social Security, 1971.
Individual blood pressures vary greatly both on a daily and a seasonal basis.
These variations are even more pronounced in hypertense patients. Normally the
blood pressure rises while at work and is at its lowest during the sleeping
period. The graph below illustrates the variations in blood pressure over a whole
day with measurement taken every five minutes.
PM Time
AM
Shown is data for measurements taken every 5 minutes. The thick line represents sleep
The rise in blood pressure at 4 PM (A in the graph) and 12 PM (B in the graph) corre-
spond to an attack of pain and sexual intercourse. (Beven, Honour
&
Stott: Clin. Sci.
36:329,
1969.)